In this article, we learn about the mechanical engineering design process.
Mechanical Engineering Design Process
In designing a component there is no rigid rule. However, the general Steps in the mechanical engineering design process to solve a design problem are as follows:
- Define the need
- Synthesis (Mechanisms)
- Analysis of forces
- Selection of material
- Design of elements (shape, size, and stresses)
- Modification
- Detailed drawing
- Production
1. Define the need
First of all, define the design problem or make a complete statement of the problem, indicating the need or purpose for which the component is to be made. For example: Suppose we have to design a mouse for the computer which is used for operating the computer.
2. Synthesis (Mechanisms)
Synthesis means selecting the possible mechanism or group of mechanisms that will give the desired motion or output. For example, while designing a mouse select a mechanism to click and scroll.
3. Analysis of forces
Find out the forces acting on each member of the component (machine) and the motion transmitted by each member. For example: In the design of a mouse, the main force is the weight of the hand of the operator and the normal reaction from the surface.
4. Selection of material
Select the best suitable material for each member of the component (machine). For example The best material for the mouse is plastic (outer body), the scrolling part is made of rubber, and the sensing element is made of glass.
5. Design of elements (shape, size, and stresses)
Find the shape and size of each member of the component (machine) by considering forces acting on the member and permissible stresses for the used material. For example: In the design of the mouse the scrolling part is round in shape, the base is flat and the upper part is curved shape.
6. Modification
Modify the shape and size of the component as per the past experience of the designer. The modification may also reduce the overall cost of manufacturing. For example: While designing a mouse, modify the shape of the base, make the hand resting part more comfortable for the operator, increase the diameter of the scrolling part, etc.
7. Detailed drawing
Draw the detailed drawing of each member and assembly of the component with the complete specifications for the suggested manufacturing process. For example: In the mouse design, draw the detailed drawing of the left and right click, scrolling part, hand resting part, etc.
8. Production
As per the drawn detailed drawing, the component is manufactured and assembled in the workshop. For example Most of the parts of a mouse are generally made on injection molding machine and assembled by a press fit.
MCQ
Q.1 Explain different steps in the mechanical engineering design process?
Q.2 Explain different steps in mechanical engineering design process with one example?
Q.3 Explain the steps to be followed in mechanical engineering design process with a neat flow chart?